Nobel peace laureates call for Israel military boycott over Gaza assault

8 November 2012, Guardian guardian.co.uk (UK)

Chris McGreal in Jerusalem

Letter with 52 signatories including artists and activists also denounces US and EU 'complicity' through weapons sales

(A man looks at the ruins of a Hamas police station destroyed by an Israeli air strike in Gaza City. Photograph: Oliver Weiken/EPA)

A group of Nobel peace prize-winners, prominent artists and activists have issued a call for an international military boycott of Israel following its assault on the Gaza Strip this month.

The letter also denounces the US, EU and several developing countries for what it describes as their "complicity" through weapons sales and other military support in the attack that killed 160 Palestinians, many of them civilians, including about 35 children.

The 52 signatories include the Nobel peace laureates Mairead Maguire and Adolfo Pérez Esquivel; the film directors Mike Leigh and Ken Loach; the author Alice Walker; the US academic Noam Chomsky; Roger Waters of Pink Floyd; and Stéphane Hessel, a former French diplomat and Holocaust survivor who was co-author of the universal declaration of human rights.

"Horrified at the latest round of Israeli aggression against the 1.5 million Palestinians in the besieged and occupied Gaza Strip and conscious of the impunity that has enabled this new chapter in Israel's decades-old violations of international law and Palestinian rights, we believe there is an urgent need for international action towards a mandatory, comprehensive military embargo against Israel," the letter says.

"Such a measure has been subject to several UN resolutions and is similar to the arms embargo imposed against apartheid South Africa in the past."

The letter accuses several countries of providing important military support that facilitated the assault on Gaza. "While the United States has been the largest sponsor of Israel, supplying billions of dollars of advanced military hardware every year, the role of the European Union must not go unnoticed, in particular its hefty subsidies to Israel's military complex through its research programmes.

"Similarly, the growing military ties between Israel and the emerging economies of Brazil, India and South Korea are unconscionable given their nominal support for Palestinian freedom," it says.

The letter opens with a quote from Nelson Mandela: "For to be free is not merely to cast off one's chains, but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others."

The other signatories include John Dugard, a South African jurist and former UN special rapporteur in the occupied territories; Luisa Morgantini, former president of the European parliament; Cynthia McKinney, a former member of the US Congress; Ronnie Kasrils, a South African former cabinet minister; and the dramatist Caryl Churchill.

THE NEW MANDELA

31 March 2012/ Gush Shalom גוש שלום http://zope.gush-shalom.org (Israel)

Uri Avnery אורי אבנרי

MARWAN BARGHOUTI has spoken up. After a long silence, he has sent a message from prison.

In Israeli ears, this message does not sound pleasant. But for Palestinians, and for Arabs in general, it makes sense.

His message may well become the new program of the Palestinian liberation movement.
I FIRST met Marwan in the heyday of post-Oslo optimism. He was emerging as a leader of the new Palestinian generation, the home-grown young activists, men and women, who had matured in the first Intifada.

He is a man of small physical stature and large personality. When I met him, he was already the leader of Tanzim (“organization”), the youth group of the Fatah movement.

The topic of our conversations then was the organization of demonstrations and other non-violent actions, based on close cooperation between the Palestinians and Israeli peace groups. The aim was peace between Israel and a new State of Palestine.

When the Oslo process died with the assassinations of Yitzhak Rabin and Yasser Arafat, Marwan and his organization became targets. Successive Israeli leaders – Binyamin Netanyahu, Ehud Barak and Ariel Sharon – decided to put an end to the two-state agenda. In the brutal “Defensive Shield operation (launched by Defense Minister Shaul Mofaz, the new leader of the Kadima Party) the Palestinian Authority was attacked, its services destroyed and many of its activists arrested.

Marwan Barghouti was put on trial. It was alleged that, as the leader of Tanzim, he was responsible for several “terrorist” attacks in Israel. His trial was a mockery, resembling a Roman gladiatorial arena more than a judicial process. The hall was packed with howling rightists, presenting themselves as “victims of terrorism”. Members of Gush Shalom protested against the trial inside the court building but we were not allowed anywhere near the accused.

Marwan was sentenced to five life sentences. The picture of him raising his shackled hands above his head has become a Palestinian national icon. When I visited his family in Ramallah, it was hanging in the living room.

IN PRISON, Marwan Barghouti was immediately recognized as the leader of all Fatah prisoners. He is respected by Hamas activists as well. Together, the imprisoned leaders of Fatah and Hamas published several statements calling for Palestinian unity and reconciliation. These were widely distributed outside and received with admiration and respect.

(Members of the extended Barghouti family, by the way, play a major role in Palestinian affairs across the entire spectrum from moderate to extremist. One of them is Mustapha Barghouti, a doctor who heads a moderate Palestinian party with many connections abroad, whom I regularly meet at demonstrations in Bilin and elsewhere. I once joked that we always cry when we see each other – from tear gas. The family has its roots in a group of villages north of Jerusalem.)

NOWADAYS, MARWAN Barghouti is considered the outstanding candidate for leader of Fatah and president of the Palestinian Authority after Mahmoud Abbas. He is one of the very few personalities around whom all Palestinians, Fatah as well as Hamas, can unite.

After the capture of the Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit, when the prisoner exchange was discussed, Hamas put Marwan Barghouti on top of the list of Palestinian prisoners whose release it demanded. This was a very unusual gesture, since Marwan belonged to the rival – and reviled - faction.

The Israeli government struck Marwan from the list right away, and remained adamant. When Shalit was finally released, Marwan stayed in prison. Obviously he was considered more dangerous than hundreds of Hamas “terrorists” with “blood on their hands”.

Why?

Cynics would say: because he wants peace. Because he sticks to the two-state solution. Because he can unify the Palestinian people for that purpose. All good reasons for a Netanyahu to keep him behind bars.

SO WHAT did Marwan tell his people this week?

Clearly, his attitude has hardened. So, one must assume, has the attitude of the Palestinian people at large.

He calls for a Third Intifada, a non-violent mass uprising in the spirit of the Arab Spring.

His manifesto is a clear rejection of the policy of Mahmoud Abbas, who maintains limited but all-important cooperation with the Israeli occupation authorities. Marwan calls for a total rupture of all forms of cooperation, whether economic, military or other.

A focal point of this cooperation is the day-to-day collaboration of the American-trained Palestinian security services with the Israeli occupation forces. This arrangement has effectively stopped violent Palestinian attacks in the occupied territories and in Israel proper. It guarantees, In practice, the security of the growing Israeli settlements in the West Bank.

Marwan also calls for a total boycott of Israel, Israeli institutions and products in the Palestinian territories and throughout the world. Israeli products should disappear from West Bank shops, Palestinian products should be promoted.

At the same time, Marwan advocates an official end to the charade called “peace negotiations”. This term, by the way, is never heard anymore in Israel. First it was replaced with “peace process”, then “political process”, and lately “the political matter”. The simple word “peace” has become taboo among rightists and most “leftists” alike. It’s political poison.

Marwan proposes to make the absence of peace negotiations official. No more international talk about “reviving the peace process”, no more rushing around of ridiculous people like Tony Blair, no more hollow announcements by Hillary Clinton and Catherine Ashton, no more empty declarations of the “Quartet”. Since the Israeli government clearly has abandoned the two-state solution – which it never really accepted in the first place – keeping up the pretense just harms the Palestinian struggle.

Instead of this hypocrisy, Marwan proposes to renew the battle in the UN. First, apply again to the Security Council for the acceptance of Palestine as a member state, challenging the US to use its solitary veto openly against practically the whole world. After the expected rejection of the Palestinian request by the Council as a result of the veto, request a decision by the General Assembly, where the vast majority would vote in favor. Though this would not be binding, it would demonstrate that the freedom of Palestine enjoys the overwhelming support of the family of nations, and isolate Israel (and the US) even more.

Parallel to this course of action, Marwan insists on Palestinian unity, using his considerable moral force to put pressure on both Fatah and Hamas.

TO SUMMARIZE, Marwan Barghouti has given up all hope of achieving Palestinian freedom through cooperation with Israel, or even Israeli opposition forces. The Israeli peace movement is not mentioned anymore. “Normalization” has become a dirty word.

These ideas are not new, but coming from the No. 1 Palestinian prisoner, the foremost candidate for the succession of Mahmoud Abbas, the hero of the Palestinian masses, it means a turn to a more militant course, both in substance and in tone.

Marwan remains peace oriented – as he made clear when, in a rare recent appearance in court, he called out to the Israeli journalists that he continues to support the two-state solution. He also remains committed to non-violent action, having come to the conclusion that the violent attacks of yesteryear harmed the Palestinian cause instead of furthering it.

He wants to call a halt to the gradual and unwilling slide of the Palestinian Authority into a Vichy-like collaboration, while the expansion of the Israeli “settlement enterprise” goes on undisturbed.

NOT BY accident did Marwan publish his manifesto on the eve of “Land Day”, the world-wide day of protest against the occupation.

“Land Day” is the anniversary of an event that took place in 1976 to protest against the decision of the Israeli government to expropriate huge tracts of Arab-owned land in Galilee and other parts of Israel. The Israeli army and police fired on the protesters, killing six of them. (The day after, two of my friends and I laid wreaths on the graves of the victims, an act that earned me an outbreak of hatred and vilification I have seldom experienced.)

Land day was a turning point for Israel’s Arab citizens, and later became a symbol for Arabs everywhere. This year, the Netanyahu government threatened to shoot anybody who even approaches our borders. It may well be a harbinger for the Third Intifada heralded by Marwan.

For some time now, the world has lost much of its interest in Palestine. Everything looks quiet. Netanyahu has succeeded in deflecting world attention from Palestine to Iran. But in this country, nothing is ever static. While it seems that nothing is happening, settlements are growing incessantly, and so is the deep resentment of the Palestinians who see this happening before their eyes.

Marwan Barghouti’s manifesto expresses the near-unanimous feelings of the Palestinians in the West Bank and elsewhere. Like Nelson Mandela in apartheid South Africa, the man in prison may well be more important than the leaders outside.

South African student bodies declare, ‘We recognise apartheid when we see it’

6 August 2011, Mondoweiss http://mondoweiss.net (USA)

An Israeli mission to South African campuses is expected to arrive on August 11. Palestinian students have written to South African colleagues asking them to challenge and boycott the Israeli delegation. Three South African student bodies-- the South African Union of Students, the South African Student Congress, and the Young Communist League of South Africa issued the following statement at a joint press conference yesterday at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg. The groups included South Africa's oldest and most representative student bodies.

JOINT STUDENT STATEMENT

There is no doubt, Israel is an Apartheid state; There is only one word, boycott!

We, students and youth of a post Apartheid South Africa, who bear the scars of a racist history and who continue to fight for complete liberation, have a duty and responsibility to stand in solidarity with those facing oppression worldwide. Israeli apartheid is one such form of oppression.

Israeli media boast that a mission of 150 Israeli propagandists will be sent to universities in 5 countries to fix Israel's "serious image problems". The Israeli mission will begin on South African campuses on the 11th of August, with a delegation that includes at least two aides from the Israeli parliament. A delegation member was clear about the intention of their trip: "We have to create some doubt in their [South African students’] minds."

Don’t patronize us! We lived apartheid, we suffered apartheid, we know what apartheid is, we recognise apartheid when we see it. And when we see Israel, we see a regime that practices apartheid. Israel’s image needs no changing; its policies do! We urge Israeli students to instead join the growing and inspiring internal resistance to their regime, particularly the boycott from within movement, rather than waste time and money on these propaganda trips to deceive us Black students, South Africans have no need for these Muldergate-like trips.

A "major focus” of the Israeli trip will be the University of Johannesburg (UJ). On 1st April 2011 UJ's Senate, with the full backing of UJ's Student Representative Council, terminated its institutional relationship with Israel's Ben-Gurion University. Indeed, UJ set an academic boycott of Israel precedent that all other South African and international universities can follow.

Following UJ’s decision, and in response to a letter sent to us by Palestinian students, we urge all SRCs, student groups and other youth structures to strategize and implement a boycott of Israel and its campaigns. We declare that all SA campuses must be Apartheid-Israel free zones.

As with the struggle against apartheid in South Africa, international solidarity is key in overcoming Israeli Apartheid. In Nelson Mandela’s words: 'It behoves all South Africans, erstwhile beneficiaries of generous international support, to stand up and be counted among those contributing actively to the cause of freedom and justice….we know too well that our freedom is incomplete without the freedom of the Palestinians.'

FOR THE RECORD

A. On Education

1. The Israeli occupation of the Palestinian territories has had disastrous effects on access to education for Palestinians. Palestinian students face poverty, harassment and humiliation as a result of Israeli policy and actions.

2. Israel mounted direct attacks on Palestinian education, including the complete closures of two Palestinian universities in 2003 and the targeting and bombing of more than 60 primary and secondary schools during the Israeli attacks on Gaza in 2009.

3. Israel’s assault on the education of Palestinians is illegal under international law. The right to education is a fundamental human right enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international instruments.

4. The Israeli blockade of Gaza has had a detrimental impact on students. Gaza’s electricity supply is controlled by Israel and shut-down for several hours most days, making it difficult for students to study. Moreover, the blockade means insufficient quantities of educational equipment, such as paper, desks and books, reach students.

B. On Israeli Apartheid

5. Several of our senior leaders have compared Israel to Apartheid South Africa, including Comrades Kgalema Mothlantle, Blade Nzimande, Zwelinzima Vavi, Rob Davies, Jeremy Cronin, Ahmed Kathrada, Winnie Mandela, Ronnie Kasrils, Denis Goldberg, the late Kader Asmal and Archbishop Desmond Tutu.

6. Both the former and current United Nations Special Rapporteurs for Human Rights in the Occupied Palestinian Territories have requested that Israel be investigated for the crime of apartheid.

7. In an official report commissioned by the South African government in 2009, the Human Sciences Research Council confirmed that Israel, by its policies and practices, is guilty of the crime of apartheid.

8. In November 2010, South Africa’s Department of International Relations and Cooperation called upon the Israeli government “to cease their activities that are reminiscent of apartheid forced removals…”

C. On Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS)

8. Palestinian civil society, including student groups, have called for a policy of Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) of Israel until it abides by international law.

9. This call has the endorsement of the largest and most representative coalition of civil and political society in Palestine. The call also has the support of a growing number of progressive Israeli groups.

10. In 2010, the United Nations Special Rapporteur for Human Rights in the Occupied Palestinian Territories, Professor Richard Falk, said: “It is politically and morally appropriate, as well as legally correct, to accord maximum support to the BDS campaign.”

11. COSATU, South Africa’s largest trade union federation was one of the first unions to endorse the BDS call. Subsequently, numerous other international trade unions have also adopted a pro-BDS position.

12. Several international groups have began to advance the BDS call in the cultural, consumer, sports, economic and academic spheres. Earlier this year the largest student union in Europe, the ULU, passed a motion in support of BDS."

ISSUED AT WITS UNIVERSITY ON THURSDAY THE 4th OF AUGUST 2011 BY
South African Union of Students, South African Student Congress and the Young Communist League of South Africa

* SASCO is South Africa's oldest and largest student organization.

** The SA Union of Students (SAUS) comprises all South African university Student Representative Councils and is the most representative student union in the country.

*** The Young Communist League of South Africa (YCL) has local branches at all South African universities

BDS SOUTH AFRICA

Da prisão, líder palestino convoca milhões às ruas

21 julho 2011/Vermelho http://www.vermelho.org.br (Brasil)

Da prisão israelense de Hadarim – onde cumpre cinco penas de prisão perpétua – o líder palestino Marwan Barghouti pediu ontem que "milhões" saiam às ruas em setembro, em apoio ao pedido de independência palestina, que deve acontecer em setembro, durante a Assembleia Geral da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU).

Crianças palestinas levantam cartaz de Barghouti

Em carta enviada à imprensa, ele incentiva os palestinos nos territórios ocupados por Israel e em outros países a "marchar pacificamente" durante a semana de votação do pedido na Assembleia Geral das Nações Unidas.

O plano palestino de pedir que a ONU aceite a Palestina como membro da organização deu início a uma disputa diplomática com Israel, que o considera – apoiado por seu aliado norte-americano – um ato unilateral, contrário aos acordos de paz assinados.

Com a paralisação das negociações de paz desde 2008 e sem sinais de que serão retomadas em breve, os palestinos disseram que pedirão na ONU uma votação em favor de sua independência. A aprovação na Assembleia Geral seria simbólica e teria pouco efeito prático, mas os palestinos acreditam que o endosso internacional representaria uma forte pressão para que Israel saia dos territórios ocupados.

O líder Barghouti manteve a influência que conquistou durante o movimento insurgente mesmo após ter sido preso. É frequentemente apontado em pesquisas como um dos favoritos à Presidência palestina.

No texto, ele diz que a ida à ONU é parte de uma nova estratégia palestina que abrirá as portas para mais manifestações. A ideia é reproduzir o espírito das revoluções árabes e acirrar a pressão sobre Israel com o aval da ONU.

"Vencer a batalha de setembro, que é um passo importante de nossa luta, requer os maiores protestos pacíficos aqui e na diáspora, nos países árabes e muçulmanos e nas capitais internacionais", disse Barghouti.

Líder palestino
Barghouti, de 51 anos, talvez seja o mais conhecido líder palestino detido por Israel – e um dos cerca de 10 mil presos políticos o que conflito já fez. Ele cumpre cinco sentenças de prisão perpétua por sua participação em levantes armados na última década. Seu nome sempre é citado quando se discute o futuro político da presidência palestina.

A mulher de Barghouti, Fadwa, afirmou que o marido ditou a mensagem para seus advogados durante uma visita recente. Ainda não está claro como a convocação de Barghouti vai evoluir, já que as manifestações vão depender da organização de ativistas pró-palestinos.

Segundo especialistas, Barghouti vem tendo sua trajetória política comparada a de Nelson Mandela – ativista e ex-presidente da África do Sul. A comparação é surgiu principalmente a partir das declarações do líder baseadas na chamada “resistência pacífica”, como pregava o militante africano. E hoje, mesmo preso, é uma das figuras mais populares da Autoridade Palestina.

Barghouti nasceu em uma aldeia próxima de Ramallah, e se tornou membro do Fatah ainda com 15 anos. Com 18, foi preso pela primeira vez por ter envolvimento com grupos militantes palestinos. Em 1987, atuou como um dos principais líderes da Primeira Intifada, levando os palestinos a protestarem em um levante contra Israel. Em 1996, Barghouti foi eleito para o Conselho Legislativo da Palestina, quando começou sua defesa ativa por um Estado Palestino independente.

Durante a Segunda Intifada, sua popularidade cresceu ainda mais e o líder passou a ser visto como uma das principais forças de combate contra as Forças de Defesa Israelenses. Ao mesmo tempo em que via sua popularidade junto às massas aumentar, o líder palestino exortava ações combativas contra Israel. Em 2001, ele conseguiu se livrar da primeira tentativa de prisão.

Só em abril de 2002, Barghouti foi preso, sob a acusação de assassinato e tentativa de homicídios decorrentes dos movimentos de insurgência popular dos quais participou. Desde que está preso, seus apoiadores – entre eles, autoridades políticas, militantes, membros do parlamento europeu – acreditam que Barghouti é uma espécie de Nelson Mandela palestino, uma vez que é apontado como o líder ideal para reanimar um movimento à deriva e dividido nacionalmente.

Estado palestino
No Brasil, a campanha “Pela Criação do Estado da Palestina Já” está em desenvolvimento e a manifestação é respaldada por cerca de três dezenas de organizações políticas e sociais. A Palestina já é reconhecida política e moralmente por mais de cem países.

A Palestina também foi admitida nas organizações da ONU, com exceção da Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura (Unesco) e da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS). E o presidente dos Estados Unidos, Barack Obama, em pronunciamento feito em maio deste ano, admitiu a criação do Estado palestino com as fronteiras de 1967.

O ministro da Defesa de Israel, Ehud Barak, comparou a eventual decisão da ONU em favor dos palestinos a um “tsunami”. O novo embaixador de Israel na ONU, Ron Prosor, informou à imprensa israelense que o reconhecimento da Palestina por parte da ONU “levaria à violência e à guerra”.

Em 1947, a Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) criou o Plano de Partilha da Palestina, que resultou na criação do Estado de Israel. Essa iniciativa abriu caminho para uma tragédia cotidiana para o povo palestino. Mais de 500 vilas e comunidades palestinas foram destruídas. Milhares foram presos, torturados e assassinados.

Palestinos foram expulsos de suas casas e de centenas de cidades. Cerca de 4,5 milhões de refugiados palestinos vivem hoje pelo mundo, sendo que a maioria destes se encontra nas fronteiras da Palestina ocupada, e o Estado de Israel segue negando o direito de retorno. (Da Redação, com agências)

4,500 Israelis and Arabs march in Jerusalem to support Palestinian independence

Police intervene to separate marchers and right-wing counter-protesters, despite organizers' claim march went peacefully.

Tikkun תיקון (USA)
From Ha'aretz Friday, July 15, 2011

By Nir Hasson

Over 4500 Palestinians and Israelis took part in the "March for Independence" Friday, calling for the recognition of a Palestinian state.
Although the organizers of the march issued a statement saying the march was carried out peacefully, police had to intervene and separate right-wing and left-wing activists.

Jerusalem 'March for Independence', July 15, 2011. Photo by: Daniel Bar On

The event was coordinated with the police, and organizers had pledged to prevent any violence from breaking out, despite the expected right-wing counter-protests.
Participants in the march held signs quoting South African leader and anti-apartheid activist Nelson Mandela saying "only free men can negotiate", while others bore slogans calling for support of Palestinian independence.

Several MKs participated in the march, including Zehava Galon of Meretz and Dov Hanin of Hadash. Other prominent public figures took part as well, such as former Speaker of the Knesset Avraham Burg and former Attorney General Michael Ben Yair.

The march took a symbolic route, following the green line that used to divide East and West Jerusalem before the Six Day War in 1967. It began at Jaffa Gate and ended at the Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood, the opposite route taken by right-wing activists during Jerusalem Day last month.

"After years of Israel speaking about peace and building settlements, checkpoints, walls and outposts, the young generations from both sides are starting to understand that they are being duped," said Hillel Ben Sasson from the Sheikh Jarrah Solidarity Movement said on Thursday.

Ben Sasson added that "in Jerusalem of all places, the heart of the conflict, Israelis and Palestinians will march together calling for independence and for an end to the running amok of the Netanyahu government, which is leading us to a political abyss."

Llamamiento desde Gaza en apoyo de la Flotilla de la Libertad II

15 junio 2011, Rebelión http://www.rebelion.org (México)

Fuente: Uruknet.info http://www.uruknet.info
Traducido del ingles para rebellion por Sinfo Fernández

En este día, nosotros, los palestinos de la asediada Franja de Gaza, cinco años después del comienzo del bloqueo, decimos ¡Basta ya de inacción, basta de discusiones, basta de esperas! El asedio contra la Franja de Gaza tiene que acabar ya en todas y cada una de sus manifestaciones.

Poco después de las democráticas elecciones de 2006, que fueron supervisadas por gentes y entidades de la comunidad internacional, las naciones que anteriormente proporcionaban ayuda y las organizaciones culturales presentes en Gaza nos retiraron su apoyo. A mediados de 2007, Israel y Egipto, que controlan nuestras fronteras, nos bloquearon a cal y canto, encerrando dentro a los palestinos e impidiendo que las exportaciones e importaciones atravesaran nuestras fronteras.

Desde el 27 de diciembre de 2008 al 18 de enero de 2009, Israel emprendió una brutal masacre contra Gaza, matando a más de 1.500 palestinos, la inmensa mayoría civiles inocentes, con más de 430 niños entre ellos, destruyendo además miles de hogares, negocios, industrias y edificios, incluidas universidades, escuelas, hospitales, instalaciones sanitarias, y devastando tramos inmensos del sistema de canalizaciones hídricas y de saneamiento.

Dos años y medio después de aquellos ataques, apenas se ha podido reconstruir alguna vivienda y unos pocos edificios; nuestro sistema de saneamiento y tratamiento de aguas fecales se halla en situación alarmante; las aguas residuales se siguen vertiendo al mar –por falta de instalaciones de tratamiento- contaminando nuestras aguas y los peces a lo largo de la costa donde nuestros pescadores se ven obligados a pescar, al tener prohibido superar las veinte millas náuticas que los acuerdos de Oslo concedieron a los palestinos-. El agua para beber y los cultivos están asimismo contaminados.

Los soldados israelíes siguen disparando, mutilando y asesinando a nuestros campesinos a lo largo de la frontera, se les impide ir a trabajar, a cultivar y recoger las cosechas de sus tierras, negándonos así productos ricos en vitaminas. Las deficiencias alimenticias y la desnutrición siguen aumentando, afectando al crecimiento de nuestros niños y a su capacidad para el estudio. Nuestra economía está destruida porque las fábricas no pueden funcionar sin electricidad. Nuestros estudiantes apenas tienen perspectiva alguna de poder salir a estudiar al extranjero, aunque tengan asegurados los billetes de desplazamiento y las becas, debido al control israelí del cruce de Erez y a que el cruce de Rafah bajo control egipcio está casi siempre cerrado. Nuestros enfermos sufren por falta de los necesarios medicamentos y suministros y equipamientos médicos.

Desde 2005, alrededor de 170 organizaciones palestinas suscribieron un llamamiento por el Boicot, la Desinversión y las Sanciones contra Israel a fin de presionarle para que cumpla el derecho internacional. Desde 2005, los palestinos nos reunimos semanalmente en los pueblos de la ocupada Cisjordania y de la ocupada Jerusalén Oriental para protestar contra las políticas de la ocupación israelí.

Los esfuerzos creativos puestos en marcha, como los buques de Free Gaza que rompieron el asedio en cinco ocasiones, la Marcha por la Libertad de Gaza, la Flotillla por la Libertad de Gaza y los muchos convoyes terrestres no deben interrumpir sus esfuerzos para romper el asedio, poniendo de relieve la inhumanidad que supone mantener a un millón y medio de gazatíes en una inmensa prisión al aire libre.

El 2 de diciembre pasado, 22 organizaciones internacionales entre las que figuraban Amnistía Internacional, Oxfam, Save the Children, Christian Aid y Medical Aid for Palestinians elaboraron el informe “Dashed Hopes, Continuation of the Gaza Blockage” [Esperanzas frustradas, prosigue el bloqueo contra Gaza], llamando a la acción internacional para obligar a Israel a que levante incondicionalmente el bloqueo, exponiendo que los palestinos de Gaza bajo el asedio israelí siguen viviendo en las mismas condiciones devastadoras de siempre. Human Rights Watch publicó un amplio informe titulado “Separated and Unequal” [Aislados y discriminados] que denunciaba las políticas israelíes como Apartheid, haciéndose eco de sentimientos parecidos de los activistas anti-apartheid sudafricanos.

El reciente anuncio que hizo Egipto de que abriría el cruce de Rafah no se ha cumplido completamente. Incluso aunque se abriera, significaría muy poco en relación con las importaciones y exportaciones de productos desde y hacia Gaza, y no mejorará la grave situación de pescadores, campesinos, ni las tasas de pobreza ni desempleo en Gaza.

Pedimos a los ciudadanos del mundo que se opongan a este medieval y letal bloqueo. El fracaso de las Naciones Unidas y sus numerosas organizaciones a la hora de condenar los crímenes de Israel demuestra su complicidad con este Estado. Sólo la sociedad civil es capaz de movilizarse para exigir que se aplique el derecho internacional y se acabe con la impunidad de Israel. La intervención de la sociedad civil fue eficaz a finales de la década de 1980 contra el régimen del apartheid sudafricano. Nelson Mandela y el arzobispo Desmond Tutu no sólo han descrito como apartheid el opresivo y violento control israelí de los palestinos, también se han unido a este llamamiento para que la sociedad civil mundial se movilice de nuevo.

Hacemos un llamamiento a las organizaciones de la sociedad civil por todo el mundo para que intensifiquen la campaña de sanciones contra Israel para obligarle a poner fin a su agresión. Llamamos a las naciones y ciudadanos del mundo que van a participar en la Flotilla de la Libertad II para que continúen con sus planes de navegar hacia Gaza donde los palestinos los recibiremos con los brazos abiertos. Las iniciativas de la sociedad civil como las Flotillas de la Libertad representan una posición de justicia y solidaridad con los asediados palestinos frente a la inacción de sus gobiernos. Pedimos al movimiento de la Flotilla que crezca y continúe navegando hacia nosotros hasta que se levante totalmente el asedio contra Gaza y se les garantice a sus habitantes los derechos humanos básicos y la libertad de movimiento de que disfrutan los ciudadanos de todo el mundo.

Relación de firmantes del llamamiento:
• Asociación de Profesores de Universidad
• Red de Organizaciones No Gubernamentales Palestinas.
• Universidad de Al-Aqsa
• Media Luna Roja Palestina de Gaza
• Sindicato de Organizaciones de Jóvenes
• Forum Cultural Árabe
• Sindicato de Trabajadores de la Sanidad
• Sindicato de Trabajadores de los Servicios Públicos
• Sindicado de Trabajadores del Sector Petroquímico y del Gas
• Sindicato de Trabajadores Agrícolas
• Comités Sindicales de Mujeres Trabajadoras
• Sindicato de Sinergias, Unidad de Mujeres.
• Comités Sindicales de Mujeres Palestinas
• Sociedad de Estudios sobre la Mujer
• Sociedad de Mujeres Trabajadoras
• Campaña de Estudiantes Palestinos por el Boicot Académico a Israel
• Grupo Estatal de Demócratas
• Jóvenes Palestinos contra el Apartheid
• Asociación Al-Quds por la Cultura y la Información
• Federación de Navegantes Palestinos
• Asociación Marítima Palestina de Pesca
• Comité de Mujeres Palestinas
• Unión Progresista de Estudiantes
• Sociedad Médica de Socorro
• Sociedad General de Rehabilitación
• Centro Cultural Afq Yadida para Mujeres y Niños
• Centro Cultural Deir Al-Balah para Mujeres y Niños
• Centro Cultural Maghazi para la Infancia
• Centro Al-Sahel para Mujeres y Jóvenes
• Escuelas Infantiles Gassan Kanfani
• Centro Rachel Corrie, Rafah
• Hermanas de la Ciudad de Olimpia de Rafah
• Centro Al-Awda de Rafah
• Hospital Al-Awda de Rafah
• Asociación Ajyal del Campo de Yabalia
• Sindicato de Palestinos de Gaza
• Centro Al Karmel
• Iniciativa Local de Nuseirat
• Unión de Comités Sanitarios de Beit Hanun
• Sociedad de la Media Luna Roja de Gaza
• Centro Cultural de Beit Lahiya
• Banco Al-Quds para la Cultura e Información Social
• Sindicato de Mujeres Trabajadoras Palestinas
• Alianza para los Niños de Oriente Medio-Gaza
• Iniciativa Local de Beit Hanun

South African Jew who hid Nelson Mandela dies in Tel Aviv at 82

26 may 2011, Haaretz הארץ (Israel)

Arthur Goldreich, a veteran anti-Apartheid activist, pretended to be an owner of a farm on the outskirts of Johannesburg that was the ANC's underground headquarters in the 1960s.

By The Associated Press

It was an elaborate charade: A white South African family in the comfortable brick house on the northern edge of Johannesburg, a black farm worker in the tiny servant's quarters out back.

The farm worker was Nelson Mandela, hiding out in the 1960s soon after he founded the armed wing of the African National Congress. Arthur Goldreich, key to the ruse as head of the white family, died Tuesday in Tel Aviv, Mandela's office said Wednesday. Goldreich was 82.

Goldreich and his family pretended to be the owners of a farm on the outskirts of Johannesburg that was the ANC's underground headquarters in the 1960s. They played into the stereotypes of apartheid, trying to behave as masters and servant before the neighbors, who have spoken of seeing Mandela, known on the farm as David Motsamayi, in blue workers' overalls selling produce on the street outside.

But in private, they were comrades. Mandela once spoke of numerous political discussions with Goldreich, and of recommending he be recruited into Umkhonto we Sizwe, known as MK, the ANC's armed wing. In his autobiography, Mandela describes the South African-born Goldreich as having fought in the 1940s with the military wing of the Jewish National Movement in Palestine.

Mandela described Goldreich as a "flamboyant person (who ) gave the farm a buoyant atmosphere.

Benjamin Pogrund, a former South African journalist who met Goldreich in Israel, told the Associated Press that "Goldreich was a romantic revolutionary."
"He had a great personality and was really fun to be with," Pogrund said. "He was a great narrator and did everything with tremendous flair."

Mandela wrote of close calls at the farm. One day Mandela's son, leafing through a magazine while playing with Golreich's son on a visit to the farm, came across a photo of Mandela before he went underground. Mandela's son told Goldreich's son the man pictured was his father, and identified him by his real name.

"I had the feeling that I had remained too long in one place," Mandela wrote.
Mandela was not at the farm when it was raided in 1963. He was already in prison in a separate case, but became a defendant in the so-called Rivonia treason trial that arose from the farm raid, leading to decades in prison.

Goldreich was among those arrested.

(Ian Deitch in Jerusalem contributed to this report.)

DESMOND TUTU, ISRAEL E EU

25 maio 2011/Carta Maior http://cartamaior.com.br (Brasil)

Para mim, é tão imoral empresas lucrarem com a ocupação israelense da Cisjordânia, Gaza e Jerusalém Leste quanto era no caso das empresas que lucravam com o apartheid sul-africano. Como o mundo e eu aprendemos há 25 anos, a pressão externa é muitas vezes necessária para provocar mudanças políticas e deter um governo opressor. A geração de hoje está preparada para desempenhar um papel histórico, ajudando a trazer a paz, a justiça e a igualdade para o Oriente Médio. O artigo é de Jordan Ash.

Jordan Ash - Common Dreams (EUA)

(Jordan Ash é representante do movimento Jewish Voice for Peace, em Minnesota,EUA)

Quando eu era criança, minha mãe incutiu-me um forte sentido de certo e errado. A moral que ela transmitiu estava firmemente enraizada na história do povo judeu. Minha mãe falou-me dos pogroms na Rússia, das duras condições de trabalho que os judeus tiveram que suportar e da discriminação que enfrentaram nos Estados Unidos. Ela também me falou de Samuel Gompers, que fundou a Federação Americana do Trabalho, e de Michael Schwerner e Andrew Goodman que deram suas vidas, ao lado de James Chaney, no movimento em defesa dos direitos civis.

As lições que aprendi foram claras. Devemos lutar pela Justiça. A discriminação e o preconceito são coisas erradas. Todas as pessoas são iguais e merecem ser tratadas com dignidade e respeito.

Nos feriados, comemorávamos momentos onde praticamos essas lições. Na Páscoa, nos lembrávamos que éramos escravos no Egito. A Chanukah é a história de como Judas Macabeu e um pequeno grupo de homens derrotaram o exército grego para que pudéssemos praticar a nossa religião. No Purim, nós vaiávamos quando ouvíamos o nome de Haman, que queria destruir os judeus e brindávamos a Ester que arriscou a vida para salvar seu povo.

E, é claro, ela me falou do Holocausto, das formas heroicas com os quais os judeus lutaram e dos modos horríveis pelos quais morreram. Esta foi a história que deu tanta importância à fundação de Israel. Era como se, após uma sucessão de tragédias, a história do nosso povo tivesse um final feliz.
Como fui ensinado, os árabes queriam negar-nos esse final feliz e jogar todos os judeus no mar, simplesmente porque eram judeus. Eu, como tantos outros judeus, não fui ensinado que a fundação de Israel exigiu a remoção forçada de 700 mil palestinos.

Quando cheguei à faculdade, em 1985, rapidamente me envolvi em uma tentativa de envolver a escola em um boicote contra empresas que faziam negócios com a África do Sul. Fui preso em um ato de desobediência civil, juntamente com outros dez estudantes, incluindo Amy Carter, filha do ex-presidente e ganhador do Prêmio Nobel da Paz, Jimmy Carter.

Por volta dessa época, vi um panfleto que falava sobre a aliança profana entre os Estados Unidos, África do Sul e Israel. Eu quis acreditar que se tratava de uma falsa acusação promovida por anti-semitas contra Israel, mas não era. Israel forneceu armas para o regime do apartheid.

Alguns anos mais tarde, quando Nelson Mandela foi libertado da prisão e visitou os Estados Unidos, alguns judeus ameaçaram protestar por causa de declarações de Mandela, comparando a luta dos palestinos com a dos negros sul-africanos.

O fato de essa verdade sobre Israel ser algo muito doloroso, eu ignorei-a. Mesmo eu que procurava viver com os valores transmitidos por minha meu, que trabalhava com os sindicatos e organizações da comunidade, ignorei o que as pessoas estavam dizendo sobre a opressão contra os palestinos. Eu coloquei Israel fora da minha mente e, por um longo tempo, também coloquei os judeus fora de minha mente.

Então, vinte anos depois, ouvi um grupo de jovens judeus se manifestarem contra o que Israel estava fazendo nos territórios ocupados e como eles – como judeus – se sentiram obrigados a fazer tudo o que podiam para impedir isso.

Eu fui para Israel então, para ver com meus próprios olhos. Eu vi que Israel estava construindo um muro de 425 milhas, separando comunidades e famílias umas das outras, agricultores de suas terras e impedindo os palestinos de chegarem ao trabalho ou à escola. Vi que o governo israelense estava demolindo casas palestinas, enquanto continuava permitindo a construção de novos assentamentos judaicos.

Ficou claro para mim que o principal interesse de Israel não era alcançar a paz, mas tomar as melhores terras para si, enquanto forçava os palestinos a uma vida de pobreza cheia de lembranças diárias de seu “status inferior”. A minha experiência confirmou o que Jimmy Carter tinha dito: que Israel criou um sistema de apartheid.

Pouco tempo depois de ter voltado, a Universidade de St. Thomas, em St.Paul, desconvidou o arcebispo Desmond Tutu para uma atividade, após o Conselho de Relações da Comunidade Judaica ter dito que Tutu teria feito comentários ofensivos à comunidade.

O que Tutu havia dito? “Eu fiquei profundamente angustiado na minha visita à Terra Santa, que me lembrou muito do que aconteceu com nós, negros, na África do Sul. Eu vi a humilhação dos palestinos nos postos de controle e de bloqueio nas estradas, sofrendo como nós, quando os jovens policiais brancos nos impediam de nos locomover”. Às vezes a verdade dói.

O site JCRC Minnesota apresenta uma citação do líder zulu sul-africano Chefe Buthelezi dizendo que “o regime israelense não é o apartheid”. Quem é o chefe Buthelezi? Ele foi um dos únicos negros sul-africanos a se opor ao boicote e a incentivar o investimento estrangeiro na África do Sul, alegando que era uma coisa boa para o povo negro. A comunidade empresarial internacional abraçou-o e ignorou o fato de que todos os líderes negros do movimento anti-apartheid eram a favor de sanções e do boicote.

Inspirado pelo sucesso do movimento de boicote e de desinvestimento contra o apartheid sul-africano, uma ampla fama de organizações da sociedade civil palestina fez um apelo em 2005 em favor da campanha Boicote, Desinvestimento e Sanções como parte de uma campanha não violenta para acabar com a ocupação israelense.

As pessoas que se opunham ao boicote à África do Sul 25 anos atrás argumentavam que a melhor maneira de mudar o apartheid era por meio do “engajamento construtivo” das corporações com o regime do apartheid. Elas estavam erradas.

Para mim, é tão imoral empresas lucrarem com a ocupação israelense da Cisjordânia, Gaza e Jerusalém Leste quanto era no caso das empresas que lucravam com o apartheid sul-africano. Como o mundo e eu aprendemos há 25 anos, a pressão externa é muitas vezes necessária para provocar mudanças políticas e deter um governo opressor. A geração de hoje está preparada para desempenhar um papel histórico, ajudando a trazer a paz, a justiça e a igualdade para o Oriente Médio.

Tradução: Katarina Peixoto